Some courses act as filters for promotion or entry into a specialist staff corps. Nations have taken a wide variety of approaches to the form, curriculum and status of staff colleges, but have much in common with the Prussian courses of the early 19th Century. The German staff courses have been used as a basic templates for other staff courses around the world. Prussian defeats by Napoleon I led to the creation of the Allgemeine Kriegsschule (General War Academy) with a nine-month programme covering mathematics, tactics, strategy, staff work, weapons science, military geography, languages, physics, chemistry, and administration. The Seven Years' War demonstrated the inadequacy of the education that generals had at that time, but it was not until 1801 that staff training in a modern sense began when Gerhard von Scharnhorst became the director of the Prussian Military Academy. Please see the talk page for more information. This article or section appears to contradict itself on this date. The first and best-known administrative staff college was established in Britain at Greenlands near Henley, Oxfordshire and is now renamed Henley Management College. These institutions apply some of the principles of the education of the military colleges to the executive development of managers from both the public and private sectors of the economy. The success of staff colleges spawned, in the mid-twentieth century, a civilian imitation in what are called administrative staff colleges. For example, an officer may be sent to various staff courses: as a captain they may be sent to a single service command and staff school to prepare for company command and equivalent staff posts as a major to a single or joint service college to prepare for battalion command and equivalent staff posts and as a colonel or brigadier to a higher staff college to prepare for brigade and division command and equivalent postings. It is usual for such training to occur at several levels in a career. Staff colleges (also command and staff colleges and War colleges) train military officers in the administrative, military staff and policy aspects of their profession.
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